Fuel-pump.



O. P. OSTERGREN & G. FAST.

FUEL PUMP.

APPLlCATlON FILED AUG.|5, 1911. 1 161 5150 Patented Nov. 23, 1915 :2 5 Jm w: a 2 2 I g SES N OSCAR P. OSTERGREN, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., AND GUSTAVFAST, OF ORANGE, NEW

JERSEY, ASSIGNORS, BY MESNEASSIGNMENTS, TO COMPOUND CYCLE ENGINE COM-PANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FUEL-PUMP.

Specification of Letters Patent. Pamlmntedl Now. 23, 119115..

Application filed August 15, \1911. Serial No. 641,173.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, OSCAR P. Os'rERGREN and GUs'rAv FAs'r, subjects ofthe King of Sweden, residing at N ew' York city and Orange, in thecounties of Kings and Essex and States of New York and New Jersey,respectively, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fuel-Pumps, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same. 1

This invention relates to pumps, and with respect to its more specificfeatures, to fuel pumps adapted to supply oil fuel to internalcombustion engines.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an eflicient device ofthe character referred to in which the discharge of the oil shall beconstant in amount.

- Another object of the invention is the production of a practical pumpof the character referred to which shall have substantially noclearance, thus conducing to a constant discharge.

Still another object'of the invention is the provisionof a practical andsimple pump of the character referred toin which the loss of efficiencyand of accurate operation due to theuse of valves, such as suctionvalves and those of a similar character, are avoided. I

Still another object of the invention is the provision of a simpledevice of the character described in which the time or instant of thedelivery stroke of the pump shall be definitely'co'ntrolled, and alsothe provision of like means for adjusting the time of said stroke.

llhe invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combinations of elements and arrangement of parts which will beexemplified in the construction hereinafter set forth, and the scope ofthe application of which will be indicated in the following claims.

Referring to the accompanying'drawing,

'wherein is illustrated one of the possible embodiments of ourinvention,-Figure 1 represents a front elevation of the pump andoperating mechanism therefor; and Fig. 2 represents a vertical sectionthrough the pump on the line wm, Fig. 1.

While viewed in some aspects the pump herein described is capable of avariety of uses, it is more especially intended to be employed to supplyoil fuel, such as crude oil, to internal combustion engines of theconstant pressure type; such, for instance, as the engine illustratedand described in applicants co-pending application, Serial No.

639,868, filed July 22, 1911, of which application this is a division.

It will facilitate the disclosure of the invention to set forth the samein its relation to internal combustion engines, and accordingly,referring now more particularly to the drawing, the numerall indicates afixed part of such an engine, in this case a cylinder, and the numeral 2indicates the usual cam shaft driven from the crank shaft of the enginethrough the counter-shaft 3 and the bevel gears 4 and 5 in the usualmanner. Secured to the shaft 2 are eccentrics 6 and 7 disposed atsubstantially 180 with respect to each other and engaging eccentricstraps 8 and 9 operating oscillatory rods 10 and 11, which latter, aswill hereinafter appear, operate the pumps.

' From any suitable source, oil for fuel is conducted into a reservoiror chamber 10', which is of sufiicient capacity to supply oil toseparate pumps, one for each internal combustion engine, the reservoir10 being thus common to the engines. Separate passagewaysll lead the oilby gravity to pump chambers 12, which are continuous with the oilreservoir, except when out off as hereinafter setforth. Operating ineach pump chamber is a pump plunger 13 adapted to reciprocate in saidchamber and force the oil out of the chambers through a check valve 14into pipes 15 and 16, which conduct the oil to suitable valves in thecylinders of the engines. In the present embodiment the plunger 13comprises arod guided in the walls of the reservoir, suitable packing 17surrounding the plunger and confined by a cap 18 held in place by aspring 19. One end of the plunger 13 is extended above the top or cover20 of the reservoir, and preferably terminates in a head 21, betweenwhich and the top of the reservoir is interposed a relatively strongspring 22 adapted to raise the plunger on its inlet stroke. Preferablythe plunger passes through a cap 23, closing an opening in the top ofthe reservoir immediately above the packing and cap 18, of sufficientsize to permit the removal of the latter when desired.

In order that the delivery stroke" of the pump may cause the dischargeof a definite and constant amount of oil from the pump chamber,unaffected by any elastic conditions in the reservoir, means areprovided for offering a substantiallyunyielding resistance to the oil onthe delivery stroke, except at the discharge opening of the pump, andin'thepresent embodiment this is effected by a valve 2 disposed in thepassageway 11 and adapted to open and close said passageway. WVhen thevalve is open, oil from the reservoir gravitates into the pump chamber,and a sufficient amount of oil is supplied to the reservoir to fill thepassageway and the pump chamber so that when the valve is closed the oilcompletely fills the pump chamber and the passageway up to and againstthe valve, thereby providing a pump chamber without any clearance. Undersuch conditions an amount of oil will be discharged from the pumpchamber equal to the displacement of the piston, the device thusproviding for the feed of a fixed amount of oil, dependent only upon thelength of the stroke of the plunger.

The valve 24: is provided,with a stem 25 passing through the oilreservoir, and out of its upper wall through an elongated guidingbearing 26, and a lever 27, loosely articulated as by being pivoted tothe stem at 28, extends transversely to the stem, one arm 29 beingadapted to contact with the upper face of the head 21 of the pumpplunger 13, and another arm 30 terminating in the path of :1 lug ortooth 31 carried by the oscillatory rod 10 operated through the strap 8surrounding one of the eccentrics 6 on the cam shaft 2. A spring 32,lighter than the spring 22 of the pump plunger, operates to depress thevalve stem 25 and open the valve, the spring 32 being interposed betweenthe inner wall of the oil reservoir and a collar 33 on the valve stem. A

plug 34 is provided through which the valve 24 may be removed whenrequired, It is to be understood that in the present embodiment twopumps are provided, each of wh'i ch is similar to the one described, thedescrip tion being limited to one for brevity only.

Pivoted at a suitable point, in the present instance on the oilreservoir, is a bell crank 35, one'arm being connected to a governor(not shown) and the other arm having a roller 36 cooperating with theface of the oscillatory rod 10 so that it will rotate the arrn'about itseccentric 6 sufficiently to cause the tooth 31 to disengage the arm 30of the lever 27 or to entirely escape said arm as the condition ofrunning inay demand. A leaf spring 37 secured to the end of the rod 10and sliding on a smooth portion of the frame returns the tooth 31 intothe engaging line of movement, and causes the rod to follow theretrogression of the roller and remain in contact therewith. The tooth31 has a beveled portion whereby it may freely pass the arm 30 on itsreturn movement. In order that both of the oscillatory rods 10 and 11may be controlled, the bell crank 35 has two arms, each provided with aroller 36 adapted to contact with the faces of the rods 10 and 11,respectively.

The operation of the mechanism will now be apparent. As the shaft 2rotates an up and down reciprocatory motion is imparted to the rod 10.As it rises, the tooth 31 lifts the arm 30, and the spring 32 beinglighter than the spring 22, the lever 27 will fulcrum on the head 21 ofthe pump plunger 13, and the valve 24 will be lifted and close thepassageway 11. The lever 27 will then fulcrum at its pivot 28 on thevalve stem, and the arm 29 will be depressed, thus forcing the pumpplunger down after the valve is closed and delivering oil from the pumpchamber through the check valve 11 and into the discharge pipe leadingtherefrom. The pump plunger will be depressed according to the fullthrow of the eccentric unless the governor causes the bell crank todeflect the rod 10 and disengage the tooth 31 from the arm 30, whereuponthe pumping of oil will cease and the plunger will at once return to 1its upper position under the influence of spring 22, the valve 24L beingalso immediately opened by spring 32, pernntting the pump chamber to beagain filled from the reservoir. The position of the arm 3() withrespect to the position of the tooth 31 determines the instant of thebeginning of the delivery stroke of the pump, and means are provided foradjusting and fixing said position consisting of an adjustable stop comprising a set screw 38 passing through a bracket or yoke 39 supported onthe oil reservoir. The stop is adapted to contact the arm 29, and, withthe position of the latter accordingly limits the position of theplunger, as will be apparent. A lock nut 40 is employed to secure theset screw in adjusted position. The stop 38 having been set as desired,the pump will begin its delivery strokes at identical points in thestroke of the operating mechanism, the amount of oil discharged beingregulated by the cut-off devices operated from the governor driven bythe engine, as explained.

' For the sake-of brevity, the description has been mainly confined tothat of one pump, but it is to be understood that the pumps areidentical in all respects, and that the controlling and operatingdevices are duplicated one for each pump, it being noted that theoscillatory rods 10 and 11 are set to operate the pumps at the desiredintervals, and that the cut-ofi' is controlled by a single lever or bellcrank pivoted on the oil similar roller.

It will be perceived that, prior to the delivery stroke of thereciprocatory plunger or piston 13, the inlet Valve 24: will bepositively closed, thus confining the oil which completely fills thepump chamber and avoiding any substantial clearance in the chamber, animportant factor in pumps wherein the delivery is small and is desiredto be constant in amount for the same length of stroke. In the presentembodiment the pumps operate at different times, and it is desirablethat the beginning of the delivery stroke be effected at certain phasesin the operation, corresponding especially to the engine phases, as willbe understood, and the adjusting device associated with the lever 27 andcooperating parts affords a means for accurately setting or timing thedelivery stroke, while at the same time assuring that the chamber is incondition to supply oil at the instant of the beginning of the deliverystroke. At the same time the cut-off devices accurately control orgovern the duration of the delivery stroke, and upon cessation thereof,the inlet valve is at once forced open and held open during the inletstroke of the pump. Thus the pump described will deliver an amount ofoil substantially equal to the displacement effected by the piston onits discharge stroke. It will also benoted that, by the mechanismdescribed, and assuming the parts to be operating under conditionsdetermined by setting the stops 38, not only is the beginning of thedelivery stroke maintained constant relative to the phase for which thepumps have been adjusted, but variation in the duration of the deliverystroke is permitted without substantial modification of the time ofbeginning said stroke. Thus by the above-described mechanism areaccomplished, among others, the obiects hereinbefore stated.

As many changes could be made in the above construction and manyapparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be madewithout departing .from the scope thereof, it is intended that allmatter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanyingdrawing shall be interpreted asillustrative and not in a limiting sense.

It is also to be understood that the language used in the followingclaims is intended to cover all of the genericand-specific features ofthe invention herein described and all statements of the scope of theinvention,'which, as a matter of language, might be said to falltherebetween.

Having described our invention, what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters 5 Patent is:

livery stroke.

1. In an apparatus of the character de scribed, in combination, a pumpcomprising a chamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, an inletvalve, means adapted to positively cause the delivery stroke of saidpiston, and devices whereby the delivery stroke of the piston iseffected in the pump chamber without clearance comprising means adaptedto force open said inlet valve immediately upon the completion of saidde- 2. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, apump comprising a chamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein andassume a variable position at one end of its stroke, an inlet valve, andmeans controlled by the inlet valve for timing the delivery stroke ofthe piston.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aplurality of pumps, a supply reservoir, open passageways connecting thepump chambers with the reservoir, means for operating the pumps atdifferent times, and means forpositively closing communication betweenthe reservoir and a pump chamber prior to the delivery stroke from thelatter pump chamber.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpchamber, a piston adapted toreciprocate therein, a supply reservoir, avalve controlling communication between the chamber and reservoir,resilient means adapted to withdraw the piston from the chamber, alighter resilient means adapted to open the valve, a lever adapted tofulcrum on the valveand havlng an arm adapted to effect the deliverystroke of the piston, and means to operate the lever to effect thedelivery stroke.

5. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpchamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a supply reservoir, avalve controlling communication between the chamber and reservoir,

' resilient means adapted to withdraw the piston from the chamber, alighter resilient means adapted to open the valve, a lever adapted tofulcrum on the valveand havlng an arm adapted to effect the deliverystroke of the piston, and a reciprocatory operatlng device, said leverhaving an arm disposed in the path of the latter device. I

6. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpchamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a supply reservoir, avalve controlllng communication between the chamber and reservoir, aspring associated with the piston and adapted to withdraw the same fromthe chamber,

.a lighter spring adapted to open the valve,

tooth, and means to control the instant of engagement of the arm andtooth.

tooth, means to control the instant of en-,

gagement of the arm and tooth, and means to control the disengagementthereof.

8. In anapparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpchamber, a 1

piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a supply reservoir, a valvecontrolling communication between the chamber and reservoir, a springassociated with the piston and adapted to withdraw the same from thechamber, a lighter spring adapted to open the valve, an oscillatory rodhaving a tooth,

a lever pivoted to the valve and having arms disposed one to efiect thedelivery stroke of the piston and another in the path of the tooth,means to control the instant of engagement of the arm and tooth, and amovable arm to control the disengagement thereof.

9. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpchamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a supply reservoir, avalve controlling communication between the chamber and reservoir, aspring associated with the piston and adapted to withdraw the same fromthe chamber to a Variable position, a lighter spring adapted to open thevalve, an oscil-' latory rod having a tooth, a lever pivoted to thevalve and having arms disposed one to efiect the delivery stroke of thepiston and another in the path'of the tooth, and means to control theinstant of engagement of the arm and tooth.

10. In an apparatus of thecharacter described, in combination, areservoir, a plurality of pump chambers having passageways communicatingwith the reservoir, a

piston adapted to reciprocate in each chamber, valves controlling thepassageways, resilient means for causing the inlet stroke of eachpiston, resilient means for opening each valve, and means for operatingthe pistons at different times comprising devices connected to thevalves and adapted to close the valves prior to the delivery stroke ofthe pistons, respectively.

11. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, aplurality of pumps comprising chambers and pistons adapted toreciprocate therein, a common supply reservoir for said pumps, valvescontrolling communication between the reservoir and the pumps, resilientmeans for causing the inlet stroke of each piston, resilient means foropening each valve, means for operating thepistons at different timescomprising devices connected to the valves and adapted to close thevalves prior to the delivery stroke of the pistons, respectively, andmeans to vary the duration of the de livery stroke of the respectivepumps.

12. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpcomprising a chamber, a piston .adapted to reciprocate i therein, aninlet valve, a lever loosely articulated with said valve and disposed inthe path of the piston, and means to oscillate said lever.

13. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpcomprising a chamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, an inletvalve, a lever loosely articulated with said valve and disposed in thepath of the piston, means to oscillate said lever, and means adapted tolimit the oseillation of the lever in one direction.

14. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a pumpcomprising a chamber, a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, an inletvalve, a lever loosely articulated with said valve and disposed in thepath of the piston, means to oscillate said lever, and an adjustablestop device disposed in the path of said lever.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures, in the presence of twowitnesses.

OSCAR I OSTERGREN. GUSTAV FAST. vWitnesses:

J. W. ANoERsoN, L. A. WATSON.

